Comparison Liqui Moly LKW Langzeit-Motoroil Basic 10W-40 20 L vs Motul 6100 Synergie+ 10W-40 4 L

The type of vehicle or other unit for which the oil is designed. Different types of cars have different features, which are taken into account when developing motor oils:

— Passenger cars. Passenger cars are characterized by high speeds at low loads, which led to the use of engines with relatively low torque.

— Trucks. For trucks, high speed is of secondary importance, but they have to deal with heavy loads and the engines must "pull" accordingly.

— Motorcycles, scooters, snowmobiles. Among two-wheeled vehicles, two-stroke engines (see “Engine”), whose requirements for oil characteristics differ from four-stroke engines, are very popular. In addition, motorcycle engines (including four-stroke engines) are in most cases equipped with the so-called. “wet clutch” (as opposed to the dry clutch used in cars), and also operate at higher speeds.

- Water transport. Most engines installed on motor boats, boats and yachts are two-stroke. However, they operate in different modes than motorcycle ones (in particular, they use water cooling instead of air), which necessitated the use of specialized oils.

— Agricultural machinery. Agricultural machinery predominantly uses diesel engines; At the same time, the speed of movement for such units is not c...ritical, but high traction and resistance to loads, on the contrary, are of decisive importance.

— Gasoline tools. Engines for gas-powered tools are in many ways similar to those described above for motorcycles - in particular, they are often made two-stroke.

— Flushing. Low-viscosity motor oils with a special package of detergent additives based on potent chemicals, used to maintain the internal components of the power unit in proper cleanliness, remove varnish deposits, accumulated dirt and slag, and neutralize acids formed in the engine. Flushing compounds are recommended for use when switching from one oil to another (based on base, viscosity or manufacturer), when purchasing a used car with an unknown service history, when there are visible carbon deposits under the valve cover, and under severe engine operating conditions.

Please note that recommendations for use are not categorical: for example, some chainsaws allow the use of motorcycle or even automobile oils, and for trucks, “agricultural” oil may be suitable. On the other hand, compliance with a general purpose does not guarantee that the oil will be suitable for a particular unit: for example, formulations for gasoline engines cannot be filled into a diesel passenger car. So this parameter is not final, but only preliminary: having decided on the purpose, you need to select a specific oil based on more detailed characteristics (engine type, SAE indicators, manufacturer tolerances - see below).

Type of engine for which the oil is designed. If compatibility with your type of engine is not directly indicated in the oil specifications, you should not use this brand. The fact is that all types of modern engines have their own characteristics, and a lubricant not designed for these features can increase wear, reduce power, or even lead to breakdown. Modern oils can be produced for the following options:

— Petrol. A four-stroke internal combustion engine (ICE) running on gasoline is implied. The main type of motor for modern passenger cars, it is also quite common in medium and high power motorcycles.

— Diesel. ICE on diesel fuel.

— Gas-gasoline. Petrol engine (see above), supplemented by gas-balloon equipment and capable of using natural gas as fuel. One of the main features of working on gas is the high operating temperature.

— Hybrid. Most often, hybrid cars combine a gasoline or diesel engine with an electric motor and can be powered by either one or the other. Both the design of the "hybrids" themselves and their engines can have significant differences from classic cars.

— 2-stroke. Two-stroke internal combustion engines are widely used in motorcycles — in particular, almost all scooters, many entry-level and mid-level motorcycles, as...well as tools like chainsaws, are equipped with such engines. Their main feature is the use of a fuel-oil mixture instead of a separate filling of gasoline and oil.

There are brands of oil that are compatible with several types of engines at once.

The nominal capacity of the package, in other words, the volume of oil supplied in this packaging option.

Depending on the purpose of the purchase, the type of vehicle and other factors, the optimal volume will be different. So, liter bottles are useful for replenishing the oil supply, or for tasks that do not require high consumption (for example, infrequent work with a gas tool); a capacity of 4 liters is designed for a complete oil change in a passenger car; the volumes required by trucks can reach tens of liters; and for car parks, service stations and other similar organizations, oil is produced in barrels of about 200 liters.

International standards, compliance with which is stated in the characteristics of this brand of oil. In modern brands of oil the following options may be found:

— API is a standard developed in the USA by the American Petroleum Institute. Provides two separate classifications - for gasoline ( API SG, SH, SJ, SL, SM, SN, SN Plus) and for diesel engines ( API CI-4, CH-4, CG-4, CF, CE, CD); in the first case, the first letter in the standard designation is S (for example, API SL), in the second it is C (for example, API CI-4). If the oil is suitable for both types of engines, a double designation is used - for example, API SL/CI-4; in this case, the index of the type for which the oil is best suited is put first (in our example, this is gasoline). The standard also includes the classification of two-stroke engines - TA, TB, TC, TC+, TD.

— ACEA is a standard used by the asso...ciation of European automakers of the same name, an alternative to the American API. Includes three classes: A/B - all oils developed before 2004 for different types of engines. Actually, until 2004 there were two classes here - A for gasoline engines and B for diesel engines; then they were combined ( A1/B1, A3/B3, A3/B4 and A5/B5). However, separate designations can still be used. C - oils for all types of engines, meeting the Euro-4 environmental standard and compatible with additional equipment such as catalysts and particulate filters. APEA C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 occur. E - a separate class for diesel engines of heavy equipment, including special ones. It is marked APEA E4, E6, E7 and E9.

— JASO — developed by the Japanese Auto Standards Association. It is one of the main modern standards for oils for gasoline motorcycle engines, within this purpose it has two classes - F for two-stroke engines, namely FA, FB, FC, FD and M for four-stroke (subclass MA for wet clutch MA-1 and MA -2, MB for dry). As well as a new GLV-1 approval for ultra-efficient gasoline engines and hybrid power plants.

— ILSAC is a standard created jointly by the American and Japanese Automobile Manufacturers Associations. Used for oils designed for passenger cars with gasoline engines. There are only five ILSAC categories ( GF-2, GF-3, GF-4, GF-5, GF-6A), in general they are similar to certain API categories (see above), but differ in increased requirements for energy saving and limitation of harmful emissions .

A list of specific oil standards recommended by the manufacturer for a particular engine is usually indicated in the official vehicle specifications. Note that many standards are interchangeable; compatibility data (as well as a description of each individual category) can be found in specialized sources.

An engine oil quality standard that VAG considers essential for correct operation when used in the engine of its vehicles. For various engines (respectively, car brands) there is a standard, among which there are 500.00, 501.01, 502.00, 503.00, 503.01, 504.00, 505.00, 505.01, 506.00, 506.01, 507.00, 508.00, and 508.00 ,

An engine oil quality standard that Mercedes-Benz considers essential for correct operation when used in the engine of its vehicles. For different engines (respectively, car marks) provides its standard, among which there are 226.5, 226.51, 226.9, 228.5, 229.3, 229.5, 229.5, 229.5, 229.5, 229.5, 229.7, 229.5, 229.5, 229.5, 229.3, 229.5, 229.31 , 229.5

An engine oil quality standard that the PSA Group considers essential for correct operation when used in the engine of its vehicles. For various engines (respectively, car brands) there is a standard, among which are B71 2290, B71 2294, B71 2295, B71 2296, B71 2297, B71 2300 and B71 2312.

An engine oil quality standard that Renault considers essential for correct operation when used in the engine of its vehicles. For various engines (respectively, car brands) there is a standard, among which are RN 0700, RN 0710, RN 0720, RD, RD-2, RGD, RLD, RLD-2, RLD-3, RLD-4, RLS-3, RVI and RXD.

An engine oil quality standard that Volvo considers essential for correct operation when used in the engine of its vehicles. For various engines (respectively, car brands) there is a standard, among which are VCC 95200356, VCC 95200377, VCC RBS0-2AE, VDS, VDS-2, VDS-3, VDS-4, VDS-4.5 and CNG.